In this study on C. hystrix, the use of transparent polypropylene cap and parafilm could prevent contamination and aeration but may have caused ethylene accumulation inside the vessel thus strongly influenced the shoot developmental process a reliable and integral submicron membrane or the commercially available gas permeable films such as MiliSeal, MiliWrap, polypropylene disk, and Teflon membranes can improve aeration thus minimizes
ethylene accumulation to some extent.