Homogenized samples were centrifuged at 2823g for 40 min at 4 °C. They were then filtered through filter paper (Whatman number 4) and 3 ml of the filtrate was mixed with 3 ml 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) solution (0.289% in distilled water). Tubes were covered with tin foil and placed on a heating block for 1 h. at 100 °C. Absorbance was subsequently measured spectrophometrically on a UV–Vis Spectrophotometer Shimadzu UV-1700 (Columbia, USA) at wavelength 532 nm. Results were expressed as mg malonaldialdehyde (MDA)/kg beef.