To investigate whether EAMD induces pathological changes in HPO axis, we examined both ovarian follicular subcellular structures and circling ovarian hormones, such as 17β-estradiol and progesterone. We found rats with EAMD developed significant damages in follicular cells, such as swollen endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, as well as mitochondria with broken cristae. Interesting enough, the exercised-induced follicular subcellular injuries were observed in the post-EAMD rats (Fig. 4), suggesting a long lasting damages caused by EAMD in the adult female rats. The only difference between rats with EAMD and post-EAMD was a slight increase in number of microchondria in post-EAMD rats. Post-EAMD carbohydrate supplements administration reversed the EAMD-induced impairment in ovarian follicular subcellular structure. Our data not only further supported the hypothesis of energy deficiency in EAMD, but also provided a positive future translational approach to treat EAMD