Plainly policy 2 best promotes the interests of the community (comprising A, B, and C) in an aggregate sense: the total pay-off is higher and so is the average. But someone who believes this may also acknowledge that the outcome of policy 1 is more fair; and let us assume for the sake argument that they are right. Now, since fairness is concerned particularly with what happens to individuals (rather than to arithmetical totals), and since A and C are both better off as individuals under the less fair policy, a concern about fairness and about the issue of sacrificing fairness to aggregate utility is likely to focus particularly on B. It would not be surprising if this concern were abbreviated as a concern about the balance between B's interests and the aggregate interests of the community, even though B's interests are actually counted in the aggregate interests of the community.