Glossary
A
acute: Sudden onset, short course. May also refer to intensity or severity.
aerosolized respiratory secretions: Liquid droplets, suspended in air that arise from coughing or sneezing.
Aerosolized respiratory secretions are responsible for the transmission of tuberculosis, and are one of the
major modes of influenza transmission.
Amantadine (Symmetrel): Antiviral medication for treatment and prophylaxis of adults and children >1
year old with influenza type A virus exposure. It is not effective against influenza type B.
antibodies: Proteins produced by the immune system secreted into the blood or lymph system in
response to an antigenic stimulus, e.g. bacterium, virus, parasite, and neutralizes the antigen by binding
to it.
antigen: Any substance that elicits an response from the body's immune system to produce antibodies
against it. An antigen may be a foreign substance, e.g. chemicals, bacteria, viruses or pollen.
Antigenic drift: Gradual minor change (mutation) in the genetic makeup of influenza A and B strains that
result in changes in the hemagglutinin (H) or neuraminidase (N) proteins found on the viral surface. The
ongoing changes of H and N are the causes of annual epidemics and need for new influenza vaccine
each year.
Antigenic shift: A reassortment of influenza A genes resulting in a major change in the H and N proteins.
Because very few people are immunized against such a novel strain of virus, antigenic shift may be
associated with a pandemic.
Avian Flu: A group of influenza viruses that primarily infect birds, but on rare occasion may infect other
animals such as pigs or humans.
C
CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention): A United States government agency that seeks to
promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability.
GlossaryAacute: Sudden onset, short course. May also refer to intensity or severity.aerosolized respiratory secretions: Liquid droplets, suspended in air that arise from coughing or sneezing.Aerosolized respiratory secretions are responsible for the transmission of tuberculosis, and are one of themajor modes of influenza transmission.Amantadine (Symmetrel): Antiviral medication for treatment and prophylaxis of adults and children >1year old with influenza type A virus exposure. It is not effective against influenza type B.antibodies: Proteins produced by the immune system secreted into the blood or lymph system inresponse to an antigenic stimulus, e.g. bacterium, virus, parasite, and neutralizes the antigen by bindingto it.antigen: Any substance that elicits an response from the body's immune system to produce antibodiesagainst it. An antigen may be a foreign substance, e.g. chemicals, bacteria, viruses or pollen.Antigenic drift: Gradual minor change (mutation) in the genetic makeup of influenza A and B strains thatresult in changes in the hemagglutinin (H) or neuraminidase (N) proteins found on the viral surface. Theongoing changes of H and N are the causes of annual epidemics and need for new influenza vaccineeach year.Antigenic shift: A reassortment of influenza A genes resulting in a major change in the H and N proteins.Because very few people are immunized against such a novel strain of virus, antigenic shift may beassociated with a pandemic.Avian Flu: A group of influenza viruses that primarily infect birds, but on rare occasion may infect otheranimals such as pigs or humans.CCDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention): A United States government agency that seeks topromote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability.
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