we will have to live with them as an accepted element in building fire safety. Even if we are successful in avoiding the overspecification of 100,000 duct smoke detectors every year; industry wide; at $2000 each, that would amount to $200 million of avoided cost that could be shared by our industry and others. Annual O&M cost reduction could be added to the first cost savings because duct smoke detectors, owing to their difficult application locations, carry a labor cost premium to maintain safely.