Osteoporosis is a major public health problem which is
becoming increasingly prevalent with aging among the
world population. In women age between 40–44 years-old,
the prevalence of osteoporosis is only 0.9% and increase to
over 30% at age of 70 years-old [20]. Estrogen deficiency has
been recognized as a key factor of osteoporosis development
[9]. Besides estrogen deficiency, alteration of cytokine
production plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis,
namely increasing of cytokine might increase osteoporosis
prevalence in postmenopausal women [21]. In the present
study, effects of PME and MR on the expression of OPG and
RANKL in comparison with estradiol, a drug of choice for
hormone replacement therapy were determined. The body
weight profile of all ovariectomized mice was analyzed
during the last 30 days of the treatment (Table 1). An
increasing tendency of the body weight of all treated mice
was noted except those of the tween20 treated mice, in
which it was slightly declined. These findings revealed that
PME and MR were as safe as those of corn oil and E2.
Expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA was not affected by
either corn oil or 15% tween20. After ovariectomy, the
expression of OPG (Figs. 2A, 3A) was lowered while that of