In one way or another, every landform and creature on Earth reflects the presence
of the oceans. Understanding the Earth’s oceans is essential to our understanding of human history, the origin of life, weather and climate, medicines,the health of the environment, energy sources, and much more. Reports from the National Academies provide in-depth analysis and useful advice for policymakers
and the general public on topics ranging from exploring the ocean’s incredible biodiversity and resources to reducing threats to human safety from toxic algal blooms, contaminants, and coastal storms. This series is intended to help readers interpret information about the state of our oceans and better understand
the role of ocean science. Other booklets in this series include Ocean Exploration, Marine Ecosystems and
Fisheries, Coastal Hazards, and Oceans and Human Health.