The classroom intervention involves 30 thinking lessons that are implemented by science teachers over a period of 2 years when students are in Years 7–9. Students are required to participate in a thinking lesson instead of a regular science lesson about every 2 weeks. The lessons draw on Piagetian schemata of formal operations, for example, variables, proportionality,probability, correlation, formal models, and equilibrium (Adey & Shayer, 1994). Each lesson incorporates five important pedagogical strategies including concrete preparation, cognitive conflict, social construction, metacognition, and bridging.The three aspects of cognitive conflict, social construction, and metacognition are considered to precipitate the “mental work” (Adey & Shayer, 1993, p. 7) required by students to accelerate their cognition and the principal means by which the long-term, far-transfer effects of the intervention are achieved (Adey & Shayer, 1993).