Data elements that have the characteristic of a true zero are measured at the ratio (continuous) level of measurement.
Common examples are height, weight, and heart rate. Ratio level data are measured at the highest level of
measurement and contain the greatest amount of information. Ratio level data can be transformed by addition, subtraction,
multiplication, or division without altering their relative values. Ratio level data can be analyzed with the
widest range of statistical methods. Ratio level data are often required for use with the most powerful statistics.
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