Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered, independent, self-directed learning style which is guided by
a facilitator (Abou-Elhamd, Rashad and Al-Sultan, 2011). In PBL, the students self-direct the learning process
which is more problem-directed than teacher-directed (Sockalingam, Rotgans and Schmidt, 2010). In fact, PBL was
developed originally for adults, in order to train doctors in how to approach and solve medical problems (Delisle,
1997). In 1969, a first group of 20 medical students arrived at McMaster University and were engaged in a process
of learning and instruction which was called PBL (Schmidt et al., 2009). The approach was used first in medical
education and, since then, it has been used in various fields such as the law; the economy; and management and
social sciences (Demirel and Turan, 2010).