Indeed,
ADF was proven to generate free barbed ends in vivo [66]. As
in the Listeria propulsion system, Ena/VASP family proteins
have a function in membrane protrusion: lamellipodia lacking
Ena/VASP protrude slower, but the protrusion persists longer.
Lamellipodia with excess Ena/VASP contain an F-actin array
with a decreased density of branches [67].