Clearly delineating the typical intellectual differences between children with SLD and cases of ID also provides a clinical
input useful for diagnosing children with a sub-average FSIQ. We found that children diagnosed with SLD despite an IQ
below 85 had a relatively high GAI, while their FSIQ was reduced by their low CPI. It may be that their diagnosis was based on intuitive considerations concerning this particular intellectual profile, though clinicians presumably also consider the
absence of serious adaptive problems when excluding a diagnosis of intellectual disability or a borderline profile. This is an
aspect that was beyond the scope of the present study (due to the difficulties of obtaining comparable standardized indexes
of adaptive skills), but should be considered in future research. The importance of bearing the WISC profile in mind when
making diagnostic decisions concerning children with a FSIQ between 71 and 84 also emerges when we consider the few
cases that, based on the SE of the measurement (roughly five IQ points), might be diagnosed as ID despite a FSIQ above 70 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The sample considered in the present study also included a small subsample of cases in the ID group whose FSIQ, based on the WISC-IV, was 70 (from 70 to 75), making them ID-borderline cases (n = 11;Mage = 10.55 [SD = 1.29]; females = 6): the mean profile for the four indexes in this group was flat, with means in the range of 76.5–81.5, while the means in the additional indexes were 75.2 and 75.0 for the GAI and CPI, respectively.
Clearly delineating the typical intellectual differences between children with SLD and cases of ID also provides a clinical
input useful for diagnosing children with a sub-average FSIQ. We found that children diagnosed with SLD despite an IQ
below 85 had a relatively high GAI, while their FSIQ was reduced by their low CPI. It may be that their diagnosis was based on intuitive considerations concerning this particular intellectual profile, though clinicians presumably also consider the
absence of serious adaptive problems when excluding a diagnosis of intellectual disability or a borderline profile. This is an
aspect that was beyond the scope of the present study (due to the difficulties of obtaining comparable standardized indexes
of adaptive skills), but should be considered in future research. The importance of bearing the WISC profile in mind when
making diagnostic decisions concerning children with a FSIQ between 71 and 84 also emerges when we consider the few
cases that, based on the SE of the measurement (roughly five IQ points), might be diagnosed as ID despite a FSIQ above 70 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The sample considered in the present study also included a small subsample of cases in the ID group whose FSIQ, based on the WISC-IV, was 70 (from 70 to 75), making them ID-borderline cases (n = 11;Mage = 10.55 [SD = 1.29]; females = 6): the mean profile for the four indexes in this group was flat, with means in the range of 76.5–81.5, while the means in the additional indexes were 75.2 and 75.0 for the GAI and CPI, respectively.
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