M.B.A. students typically garner knowledge from reading source materials, such as textbooks, financial press articles, and class notes. M.B.A. students also typically conduct financial analysis, and make judgments and decisions based on their analysis, through case studies. Although M.B.A. students may acquire basic knowledge fairly early in the program, knowledge of business and investing likely increases as they progress through the program, are exposed to more cases and examples, and discuss investment-related issues with classmates. We expect that M.B.A. students early in the first year of the program will have less knowledge from formal education and training than M.B.A. students who have completed-the first year of the M.B.A. program and are enrolled in an elective financial statement analysis course, and that both groups of M.B.A. students will have more formal- education-based knowledge than the average nonprofessional investor.