1. IntroductionThe increasingdemand

1. Introduction
The increasingdemandofsmallscaleproductsinvolvingthe
use ofadvancedmaterialsandmanufacturingprocesses,leadto
the needtoidentifyandcharacterizemicrosurfacedefectswith
unprecedenteddimensions.Examplesoftheseproductscanbe
found inbiomedical , electronic , mouldmakingindustries,
and microfabrication , whichhaveasignificant addedvaluefor
the GDPinindustrializedcountries.
These productshaveveryrapidlyevolvedatscientific, techno-
logical andindustriallevels.However,thisevolutionhasnotbeen
followedbyaparalleldevelopmentinnondestructivetechniques
(NDT) andthereisyetnocapabilitytodetectmicrosurfacedefects
in manycomponentswiththerequiredreliability.Thisproblem
limits qualitycontrolofmicromanufacturedparts,asdefectscan
seriously compromisetheirin-serviceperformance.
In microfabrication,defectshaveadimensionwithoutparallel
with thedefectsproducedbyotherconventionalmanufacturing
techniques.Typicaldefects,inmicrofabrication,areroughness
and surfacemicrocrackswithdimensionsrangingfrom5to10 mm
. Inorthodontics,theexistenceofmicrocracksandgrovescause
the accumulationoffooddebris,andaseriesofassociated
problems,leadingtodentalplaquebiofilms andgingivalinfections

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

1. บทนำIncreasingdemandofsmallscaleproductsinvolvingtheใช้ ofadvancedmaterialsandmanufacturingprocesses, leadtoneedtoidentifyandcharacterizemicrosurfacedefectswithunprecedenteddimensionsExamplesoftheseproductscanbeพบ inbiomedical อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ mouldmakingindustriesและ microfabrication, whichhaveasignificant addedvalueforGDPinindustrializedcountriesเหล่านี้ productshaveveryrapidlyevolvedatscientific เทคโน-andindustriallevels ตรรกศาสตร์อย่างไรก็ตาม thisevolutionhasnotbeenfollowedbyaparalleldevelopmentinnondestructivetechniquesAndthereisyetnocapabilitytodetectmicrosurfacedefects (ผู้)ใน manycomponentswiththerequiredreliabilityThisproblemจำกัด qualitycontrolofmicromanufacturedparts, asdefectscanอย่างจริงจัง compromisetheirin-serviceperformanceใน microfabrication, defectshaveadimensionwithoutparallelกับ thedefectsproducedbyotherconventionalmanufacturingเทคนิคการTypicaldefects, inmicrofabrication, areroughnessและ surfacemicrocrackswithdimensionsrangingfrom5to10 มม.. Inorthodontics, theexistenceofmicrocracksandgrovescauseaccumulationoffooddebris, andaseriesofassociatedปัญหา leadingtodentalplaquebiofilms andgingivalinfections

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

1. บทนำ
increasingdemandofsmallscaleproductsinvolvingthe
ofadvancedmaterialsandmanufacturingprocesses ใช้ leadto inbiomedical อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ mouldmakingindustries, และชิ้นงานขนาดเล็ก, whichhaveasignificant addedvaluefor GDPinindustrializedcountries. productshaveveryrapidlyevolvedatscientific เหล่านี้ techno- ตรรกะ andthereisyetnocapabilitytodetectmicrosurfacedefects ใน manycomponentswiththerequiredreliability.Thisproblem ข้อ จำกัด qualitycontrolofmicromanufacturedparts, asdefectscan อย่างจริงจัง compromisetheirin-serviceperformance. ในชิ้นงานขนาดเล็ก, defectshaveadimensionwithoutparallel กับ surfacemicrocrackswithdimensionsrangingfrom5to10 มม Inorthodontics, theexistenceofmicrocracksandgrovescause accumulationoffooddebris, andaseriesofassociated ปัญหา leadingtodentalplaquebiofilms andgingivalinfections