Davies (2010) provided a multi-dimensional technology model (Figure 1), stating
that technology leadership is “the complex interplay between the personal /biographical,
the institutional /organizational, and the broader social, political and economic context”
(p.58). Davies’ model uses ovals to represent those groups within the organization whose
input is valuable. The external influences are shown by the outer arrows. Collectively,
the internal and external entities bring expertise and questions that provide deeper
understanding and reflection of change.