The results of our study offer important practical implications for information security practitioners. Our findings provide
evidence of the significant impact of motivational factors other than rewards and sanctions that reinforce an employee’s
compliance behavior. Since outcome beliefs play an important role in shaping an employee’s consequence beliefs, which
are shown to positively influence attitudes toward compliance, as a practical implication, we suggest that information security awareness programs should be designed to emphasize these outcome beliefs; security practitioners should design their information security awareness programs so employees’ beliefs about intrinsic cost and benefit, safety, and