This paper analyzes empirically the effectiveness of monetary policy since 2006 and
discusses possible challenges under more adverse conditions. This period is characterized
by a steady inflow of liquidity into the financial system after the nationalization of the
hydrocarbon industry, as mentioned above, and differs from the previous regime with regards
an increased emphasis on de-dollarization measures. The first objective is to analyze the
workings of the current monetary policy framework and to assess its ability to smooth
business cycle fluctuations. Section II presents the empirical strategy. Based on the model
estimated in II, Section III analyzes the power of the monetary policy framework to affect
prices at different time horizons, including the indirect impact of monetary policy through the
bank lending channel. Section IV characterizes the central bank’s monetary policy reaction
function to inflation. Section V disentangles the effectiveness and power of the available
monetary policy instruments to affect the economy. Finally, Section VI concludes and
discusses possible challenges to the current monetary policy framework in a more a
challenging environment, drawing from the findings