9. Conclusion
This article highlights the role environmental movements play
in energy controversies, putting specific emphasis on the process
of place-making. Through analysis of two high-profile energy controversies
in two countries – Chile and Thailand – this study shows
that not only energy turned from a matter of fact into a matter of
concern, but that the places themselves also turned into places of
concern. We argue that – given the rapidly growing energy demand
in these upper-middle and high-income countries, combined with
fragile democracies, privatisation and strong social movements –
such controversies are a very important, yet under-researched
phenomenon, which allow us to understand the links between
energy controversies and national policy and planning.