Transactional leadership. According to Burns (1978), transactional
leadership occurs when one person takes the initiative in making contact with
others for the purpose of an exchange of something. Transactional leadership
focuses on the exchanges that occur between leaders and their staff. According to
Bass (1985b) clarification, completion, and compliance are factors that underlie
transactional leadership. Monitoring implies behaviors aimed at controlling others
in order to preserve stability in the workplace. Transactional leaders determine
what subordinates need to do in order for the leader to achieve their own and
organizational objectives. The transactional leader classifies the requirements,
help staff members become confident that they can reach the objectives by
expending the necessary efforts, and reward the staff members according to the
accomplishments.