Potential Impacts and Mechanisms of Action of
Resistant Starch in Prevention of Colon Cancer
Consumption of diets with abundant fiber has long been believed to protect against colorectal cancer (132). More recently, resistant starch has received attention for potential
prevention of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases
(104). Although studies of resistant starches and human colonic health have been limited, abstracts describing 2 recent
human interventions were found. In 1, a 4-wk intervention
with red meat (300 g/d) increased O6-methyl-29-deoxyguanosine adducts and genes from the microRNA-17–92 cluster
(overexpressed in colorectal cancer) in the colons of humans.
However, these features were not elevated with a 4-wk intervention that included red meat plus butyrylated resistant
starch (40 g/d) (133). These results suggested that resistant
starch may protect the human colon against potentially damaging aspects of dietary red meat. In the second human trial,
with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer gene carriers
(patients with Lynch syndrome) at high risk for developing colon polyps and cancer, a diet containing 30 g/d maize starch
(Novelose, Ingredion) was compared with placebo diet for
29 mo. No impact on polyp or colon cancer development
was observed at a 4-y follow-up (134).
Potential Impacts and Mechanisms of Action ofResistant Starch in Prevention of Colon CancerConsumption of diets with abundant fiber has long been believed to protect against colorectal cancer (132). More recently, resistant starch has received attention for potentialprevention of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases(104). Although studies of resistant starches and human colonic health have been limited, abstracts describing 2 recenthuman interventions were found. In 1, a 4-wk interventionwith red meat (300 g/d) increased O6-methyl-29-deoxyguanosine adducts and genes from the microRNA-17–92 cluster(overexpressed in colorectal cancer) in the colons of humans.However, these features were not elevated with a 4-wk intervention that included red meat plus butyrylated resistantstarch (40 g/d) (133). These results suggested that resistantstarch may protect the human colon against potentially damaging aspects of dietary red meat. In the second human trial,with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer gene carriers(patients with Lynch syndrome) at high risk for developing colon polyps and cancer, a diet containing 30 g/d maize starch(Novelose, Ingredion) was compared with placebo diet for29 mo. No impact on polyp or colon cancer developmentwas observed at a 4-y follow-up (134).
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