Increased cell turnover (e.g., haemolysis, tumour growth
and large tumour necrosis) leads to increased production
of adenosine, inosine and guanosine. These are degraded
to hypoxantine and xanthine, which are the substrates for
the widely distributed xanthine oxidase (XO) in the formation of uric acid (Figure 1). Allopurinol and febuxostat
are inhibitors of XO and reduce uric acid formation. In
man and some higher primates, uric acid is the endproduct of purine metabolism. However, most mammals
can degrade uric acid further to water-soluble allantoin by
the enzyme uricase and as a result serum urate levels are
about 1/10 of human values [1]. Pegloticase is a pegylated uricase that reduces urate levels by increasing its metabolism and it can be used therapeutically in man
Increased cell turnover (e.g., haemolysis, tumour growth
and large tumour necrosis) leads to increased production
of adenosine, inosine and guanosine. These are degraded
to hypoxantine and xanthine, which are the substrates for
the widely distributed xanthine oxidase (XO) in the formation of uric acid (Figure 1). Allopurinol and febuxostat
are inhibitors of XO and reduce uric acid formation. In
man and some higher primates, uric acid is the endproduct of purine metabolism. However, most mammals
can degrade uric acid further to water-soluble allantoin by
the enzyme uricase and as a result serum urate levels are
about 1/10 of human values [1]. Pegloticase is a pegylated uricase that reduces urate levels by increasing its metabolism and it can be used therapeutically in man
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