The amino and carboxyl residues of proteins and peptides in the yeast
cell walls were probably exposed by the caustic treatment so
enhancing PAT-binding to the cells. Thus, the permeability within
the internal structure of waste yeast improved, and more organic
functional groups on waste yeast exposed. According to the reports
of Niderkorn et al. (2007) and Hatab et al. (2012), the amino and
carboxyl groups in microorganisms could be mainly available for
characteristic coordination bonding with mycotoxin. Therefore, the
caustic treated waste yeast with more exposed amino and carboxyl
groups would have a great advantage in adsorbing PAT.