(LAB) have also been reported to possess nitrate reductases and heme-
dependent or heme-independent nitrite reductases (Hammes, Bantleon,
& Min, 1990; Wolf, Arendt, Pfaehler, & Hammes, 1990). Such a capacity
of LAB to possess both nitrate and nitrite reductase activities is regarded
as one of the selection criteria for LAB to be used starter culture in
fermented sausage production (Ammor & Mayo, 2007)