T. castaneum and S. zeamais was more tolerantwith mortalities of 18.2 and 59.2% respectively 24 h post-treatment(Fig. 3a). Similarly, E saligna essential oil at 2.0% v/w, achieved 86.9%and 87.3% mortality in A. obtectus and S. cerealella, respectively, 24 hpost-treatment (Fig. 3b).