Commercially pure titanium (cp Ti) and titanium alloys are commonly anodised to improve the adhesion of coated layers
[1,10]. The anodisation of Ti involves the formation of a thin oxide layer, which improves the surface wettability and bioactivity of the substrate. This process involves the conversion of the rutile structure
of the original native titanium oxide (TiO2) film into a mixed rutile and anatase structure [1].