The
strains were stored at −80 °C in Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe broth
(MRS; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) for LAB and yeast extract peptone
dextrose (YEPD) broth (Merck) for yeasts, with 20% (v/v) glycerol,
and then streaked ontoMRS agar and YEPD agar, respectively. Inoculated
plates were incubated at 35 °C: LAB for 24 h and T. delbrueckii for 48 h. A
loopful of each LAB and yeast cells was transferred to 10 mL MRS and
YEPD broth, respectively, and incubated under the same conditions.
Then, 1 mL of each growth culture was transferred to 9 mL MRS and
YEPD broth, respectively, and incubated for 18 h at 35 °C to obtain the
cells to be used in the assays.