4.2. Budapest convention
4.2.1. Background The Budapest Convention123 was adopted in 2001 and entered into force in 2004.124 It is considered to be the oldest binding and widest adopted legal instrument in the field of cybercrime.125 The Budapest Convention is open to worldwide membership.To date,48 states have become parties to the Convention, including several non-EU members, amongst whom are Australia,Canada,Japan and the US.126 Additionally,six states are signatories and 12 have been invited to accede.127 Despite such wide adoption, the Convention is not yet truly global. Significantly,it excludes in large part developing countries,128 which means that a noteworthy segment of Internet users do not fall within its scope.129