Using survey feedback method, Likert proposes an organizational improvement cycle comprising of five steps. They are:
-Establishing an ideal model (System4);
-Measuring the organization’s scores on key dimensions of ideal model;
-Analysing and interpreting scores based on their relationship to the ideal model and preparing diagnosis of organizational strengths and weaknesses;
-Based on this diagnosis, preparing an action plan to build on strengths and correct weaknesses concerning structure, leader and subordinate behavior, organizational climate; and
-Implementation of the action plan.
Likert lays down guidelines for using the proposed organization improvement cycle. They are:
-Focus the action efforts on the causal variables, such as leadership behavior and structure. Do not try to change by direct action the intervening variables such as motivation and control. It the causal variables are improved, there will be subsequent improvements in the intervening variables;
-Move from System 1 to 4 gradually and do not attempt one big jump as both leaders and members of the organization lack the skills for interaction and adaptation and many find it difficult to make a sudden, sizable shift from System 1 to 4.
-Involve those whose behavior has to be changed to bring the desired improvement, in planning the action to be taken. Involve all the persons affected in all the steps of the improvement cycle;
-Use objective, impersonal evidence as much as possible in the action planning process;
-As far as possible, ensure the initiative and active participation of those in the most powerful and influential positions in the improvement programme; and
-Conduct the action planning in a supportive, helpful atmosphere.