This area belongs to alluvial and diluvial plains of Wei River and Feng River, and Quaternary strata are well distributed, of which the thickness is about 800 meters.
Along Feng River banks,even though long archaeological investigations have been carried out with traditional archaeological methods since 1931,little information has been acquired about this area because of geological and geo-morphological restrictions and longtime human reclamation and cultivation activities.
According to researches of archeologists from National Historical Museum of China and Archeological Institute of Shaanxi Province, loess tablelands of Shenhe tableland and Xiliu tableland are located at the highest height in the area, with the altitude of about 440—580m, and the depth of groundwater
table is about 20 — 50m, which were suitable for tomb construction by ancestors.
Therefore, the research took the surrounding area of Renjiazhai village and Xiangji temple village and Jiali Village in Shenhe loess tableland as an experimental area