It is important to note that the implementation progress of the Almaty program of action has severely been affected by high structural vulnerability of LLDCs in the context of recent global developments. The world economy including the regional development scenario has undergone drastic changes over the last few years. The modest economic growth achieved by LLIDs during the last decade has recently come under increasing threat due to successive global food, fuel and financial crises. As a result, most LLDCs are falling short in achieving various social targets including the MDGs while many are severely affected by the adverse impact of climate change, desertification and land degradation.