3.3. Antifungal efficiency of coagulants
The antifungal efficiency of coagulants was compared from a fungi growth area on the pre-drying NR sheet surface. The %fungi growth areas were calculated by Equation (1). It was found that the %fungi growth areas of pre-drying NR sheets prepared with formic and acetic acids were 100%, as example of which is shown in Fig. 2 (above). Whereas the wood vinegars can completely inhibit the fungi growth on the NR sheet surfaces [Fig. 2 (below)]. The results suggested that all wood vinegars had higher antifungal efficiency than both formic and acetic acids. However, when the formic acid and wood vinegar mixture was used to prepare pre-drying NR sheets, the %fungi growth areas were 4 ± 2, 16 ± 4 and 22 ± 2% for coconut shell, bamboo and Eucalyptus wood vinegars, respectively. Then it can be concluded that the antifungal efficiency of the wood vinegars is in the following order: coconut shell wood vinegar > bamboo wood vinegar ≈ Eucalyptus wood vinegar. The phenolic compound contained in the wood vinegar might exhibit some antifungal property [5] and [6]. The UV–vis spectra of the coagulants are shown in Fig. 3. The all wood vinegars contained phenolic compounds whereas formic and acetic acids did not. The phenolic compounds in wood vinegars are in order of coconut shell wood vinegar > bamboo wood vinegar > Eucalyptus wood vinegar correspond to their fungi growth inhibition property on the NR sheets. This indicates that the phenolic compounds in wood vinegar are antifungal agents.
3.3. Antifungal efficiency of coagulantsThe antifungal efficiency of coagulants was compared from a fungi growth area on the pre-drying NR sheet surface. The %fungi growth areas were calculated by Equation (1). It was found that the %fungi growth areas of pre-drying NR sheets prepared with formic and acetic acids were 100%, as example of which is shown in Fig. 2 (above). Whereas the wood vinegars can completely inhibit the fungi growth on the NR sheet surfaces [Fig. 2 (below)]. The results suggested that all wood vinegars had higher antifungal efficiency than both formic and acetic acids. However, when the formic acid and wood vinegar mixture was used to prepare pre-drying NR sheets, the %fungi growth areas were 4 ± 2, 16 ± 4 and 22 ± 2% for coconut shell, bamboo and Eucalyptus wood vinegars, respectively. Then it can be concluded that the antifungal efficiency of the wood vinegars is in the following order: coconut shell wood vinegar > bamboo wood vinegar ≈ Eucalyptus wood vinegar. The phenolic compound contained in the wood vinegar might exhibit some antifungal property [5] and [6]. The UV–vis spectra of the coagulants are shown in Fig. 3. The all wood vinegars contained phenolic compounds whereas formic and acetic acids did not. The phenolic compounds in wood vinegars are in order of coconut shell wood vinegar > bamboo wood vinegar > Eucalyptus wood vinegar correspond to their fungi growth inhibition property on the NR sheets. This indicates that the phenolic compounds in wood vinegar are antifungal agents.
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