Out of the 729 studies identified, seven studies met our inclusion criteria. The effectiveness of the
implementation of CHW programmes in older adults belonging to ethnic minorities is not univocal. In two studies,
we found no significant differences. In five studies, we found some positive effects. We did not find negative effects
in any of the studies. For better interpretation of the results, effect ratios (ERs) were calculated as the number of
positive findings divided by the total number of measured findings. Substantial effects on the access to care (mean
ER = 0.58) and on health behaviour (mean ER = 0.45) were found. The mean ER for health outcomes was
considerably lower (mean ER = 0.17).