Plant material
Turf grasses were comprising of:
1.
Native monoculture: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ‘Yarand’) and (Lolium perenne L. ‘Shadegan’), which are two regionally native accessions from Yarand and Shadegan, respectively, in Esfahan Province, Iran.
2.
Native low-variety mixture (NM1): consisting 50% Lolium multiflorum ‘Shadegan’‚ 50% Festuca spp.‘Shadegan’.
3.
Native high-variety mixture (NM2): consisting 55% Lolium perenne L. ‘Yarand’‚ 35% Lolium perenne L. ‘Shadegan’‚ 5% L. multiflorum ‘Shadegan’ and 5% Festuca spp. ‘Shadegan’.These native seeds were supplied by Pakan Bazre Esfahan Ltd. Co.
4.
Commercial mixture (CM) (NAk-Nederland): consisting 2% Lolium perenne BE, 33% Lolium perenne NL, 20% Lolium perenne DK, 35% Poa pratensis US and 10% Festuca rubra commutata FR.
Thus, turf grass treatments were abbreviated as Lolium perenne L. ‘Yarand’ = LPY, Lolium perenne L. ‘Shadegan’ = LPS and seed mixtures of NM1, NM2 and CM.