The P. palmivora was provided by S. Chuenchit,Department of Pest Management, Faculty of NaturalResources, Prince of Songkla University. The fungi werestored in potato dextrose agar (PDA) slants at 4°C. The fungalmycelia were routinely maintained on PDA (200 g potato,20 g dextrose, and 15 g agar in 1,000 ml distilled water) atroom temperature for five days, prior to testing with chitosan.