Lignocellulosic residues from wood, grass, agricultural, forestry
wastes and municipal solid wastes are particularly abundant in
nature and have a potential for bioconversion. They constitute a
renewable resource from which many useful biological and chemical
products can be derived. Accumulation of lignocellulose in large
quantities in places where agricultural residues present a disposal
problem results not only in deterioration of the environment but also
in loss of potentially valuable material that can be used in paper
manufacture, biomass fuel production, composting, human and
animal feed among others. Several novel markets for lignocellulosic
residues have been identified recently. The use of fungi in low cost
bioremediation projects might be attractive given their highly
efficient lignocellulose hydrolysis enzyme machinery.