This removes venom from the eyes and hence prevents
corneal damage due to various toxins present in it. Prophylactic
broad spectrum topical antibiotics may be started in
case of corneal erosions to prevent keratitis.
Heparin has been used to treat snake venom ophthalmia.
Its use is based on the fact that the cardiotoxin in snake
venom readily binds to the acidic sites in the heparin molecule
and renders the cardiotoxin inactive in experimental models.6
Topical vasoconstrictors or patching of the eyes helps to
reduce pain. However, the WHO guidelines published in 2010
advised against the use of topical or intravenous anti-venom
and topical corticosteroids. Corneal collagenase activity is
enhanced by topical steroids and in the presence of epithelial
defects may cause corneal melting. The use of dilute antivenom
has not been found useful.