Moreover, as it was pointed out by the assessment of PS2 in the
construction company, the framework is also useful for companies
that do not use lean production. Even though it is a single case
study, it has also shown that the results of the assessment can be
better in a non-lean environment. For example, PS2 performed better
than PQ2, which was used in a major transnational that formally
adopted lean production. As an advantage, PS2 was implemented
as a requirement of regulations, having been used for many years in
a fairly uniform way by construction companies all over the country.
By contrast, PQ2 was designed as a prototype. Of course, an
application of the framework in a larger number of PD and companies
is necessary to identify trends concerning lean versus non-lean
environments. A hypothesis to be tested, based on the preliminary
piece of evidence provided by this study, is that, for a safety
poka-yoke, the implementation within a lean environment is less
important, since they are often demanded by regulations, rather
than due to the specific production philosophy adopted by the
company.