AMOEBA of tourism sustainability indicators: The BTS models mentioned above, which represent the comprehensive level of sustainability of the human system and the ecosystem, fail to demonstrate the sustainability of individualised tourism indicators. Thus, in this section, the AMOEBA models (see Bell & Morse, 1999; Ten Brink et al., 1991) are applied to tourism, illustrating the sustainability levels of individualised tourism indicators, to overcome the shortcomings identified in the BTS models. Corresponding to the BTS1, 2, 3, and 4 models, four ATSI models (ATSI1–4) are suggested as shown in Fig. 2. If the number of tourism SIs are 32 (each four indicators for a dimension, and each 16 indicators for the human system and ecosystem, respectively), and a sustainability scale is given to each indicator (with hypothetical data), the ATSI maps can be drawn. The 32 SIs are represented in the sustainable bands of the ATSI, using a 10-point scale (see Fig. 3). The SIs can be placed in one of the eight sectors in the circle: political aspects; economic aspects; socio-cultural aspects; service (and product) quality; general environmental impacts; ecosystem quality; biodiversity; and environmental policy and management. The SIs can now be used to produce the AMOEBA. The connection of the maximum end of 32 SIs in the sustainable bands produces the AMOEBA (see Fig. 3). Data production procedures for these ATSI maps have been discussed in the previous Sections 1–5.