The third stage might appear the best outcome for the one
fortunate player but the problem is that others in the chain have no
incentive for further improvements. Only in the fourth stage is there
a continuing incentive to drive as much improvement as possible and
this benefits everyone in the longer term.
This principle was understood by pilot participants and yet trust was
not fully developed. There was still a marked tendency for players
to keep internal improvements confidential to retain benefit and
prevent opportunism elsewhere in the chain.