with a parallel group, crossover or cluster design that included pediatric patients from 1 month to 18 years old undergoing minimally invasive or invasive surgical procedures, and receiving either live music therapy or recorded music.
with a parallel group, crossover or cluster designthat included pediatric patients from 1 month to 18 years old undergoing minimally invasive orinvasive surgical procedures, and receiving either live music therapy or recorded music.