Tim Flannery is one of the world's best-known communicators about science, and particularly, about climate change.
And it's a great pleasure and privilege to have him here today to talk about his own personal philosophy about this important issue.
SO Tim, what's the climate fuss all about?
Why should we care?
A lot of people are making a fuss about climate change because it's a really important issue.
It affects the health of our planet.
It affects endangered species that could be driven to extinction by the changing climate.
It affects the way the whole Earth system operates, and ultimately, it affects human health.
And I care for my children and for my grandchildren, even though I don't have any yet, and our climate system will have a big influence on them, one why or the other.
And I want to make sure it's for the better.
So Tim, why have you devoted so much of your time to communicating climate change to the public?
Well, Lesley, I came to climate change a little bit later than you.
It was probably the late '90s when I became fully aware of what was happening to our planet, and to me it was a deep shock.
And it changed my understanding of the world I lived in, quite as simply as that.
All of a sudden, people doing things like leaving their cars running on a hot day so they keep the air conditioning on, I knew had consequences that were not going to be good.
So it changed my moral framework, the way I interact with the world, the way I understand the world, and I became convinced this was the important issue of our age.
So I knew I had no choice.
I had to get involved.
The one thing I knew I could do was communicate climate science.
Couldn’t do much on the research side, perhaps, as much as many people, but at least I could communicate it.
Thanks, Tim.
And we'll be continuing this conversation for the next module.
I'm Lesley Hughes.
Welcome to Climate Change.
In this first module, I want to talk about why a few degrees of extra warming can have such big, and some cases, scary impacts.
Our natural world is already responding to the relatively modest warming and climatic change that we've had so far over the past century.
This gives us a window on our future.
Humans are the most remarkably adaptive creatures that have ever evolved.
Our species is capable of changing our environment more than any other.
But this very ingenuity is putting our environment and our very civilization at risk.
So let’s see simply start with some facts.
Our insatiable desire for energy to support our civilization has had some really unintended consequences.
We have found that one of the best ways of producing energy is to use the fossilized bodies of plants and animals laid down in the Earth’s crust as carbon.
In using this energy source, we have been redistributing this carbon from the Earth’s crust into the atmosphere, and this is having big impacts.
These consequences mean that not only is the world warming up, but our rainfall patterns are changing.
Up, but our rainfall patterns are changing.
Along with this, there are physical changes to the Earth’s surface.
Glaciers and polar ice caps are melting faster than ever before.
Sea levels are rising, and the very chemistry of the ocean is changing.
So where to now?
How fast will these changes occur in the future?
And do they really matter?
To even begin to start answering these questions, we need to make some very important assumptions.
How fast will our population grow in the future?
How many of our resources will we consume, and at what eate?
How will we produce our energy?
All of these thing affect how much greenhouse gas we put into the atmosphere, and therefore, affect our climate.
So let’s begin by looking at two very different potential pictures of our future.
If we continue to use fossil fuels as our main energy source, and the rate at which we emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere stays on the same path as it has over the past decade or so, and the world’s population continues to grow, then carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere by 2050 are predicted to be about double what they were before the Industrial Revolution.
That is, about 560 parts per million.
And if we carry on the same for even longer, by the end of the century the concentration of CO2 will have about tripled.
This is often called a busuness as usual scenario.
You CO2 does get to double what it was in preindustrial times, global average temperatures could be between about 2 and 4 and 102 degrees above that time.
Have a look at this graph.
It very starkly illustrates these two different potential futures.
The little wiggly black line on the left-hand side is the temperature that we’ve had so far.
The big blue band is the temperatures that we could have under a scenario where we limit our greenhouse gas emissions very sharply.
The big red band is the business as usual scenario.
And as you can see, it gives us a rather frightening picture of temperatures in the future.
If this business as usual scenario is sustained, for example, it’s been predicted that the Greenland ice sheet could melt completely, leading eventually to sea level rises of more than seven metres.
To put this really into perspective, 1 and ½ degrees increase would give us a warmer world than at any time that humans have been on the planet.
If we got to 4 and ½ degrees, it would be the warmest planet than we’ve had for millions and millions of years.
Well, that’s the gloomy prospect.
But the good news is that if we can start to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions straight sway and pretty sharply, the temperatures in the second half of this century will be considerably less than those business as usual predictions.
It’s important to realize though at this stage, that there’s a lot of momentum in the climate system.
If we were to, by some miracle stop emitting all greenhouse gases today and forever more, we would probably still get about a degree of warming by about 2030 because of all the greenhouse gases in the system that we’ve already put there.
The moral of this story is, the sooner we start, the better.
Tim Flannery เป็นหนึ่ง communicators รู้จักโลก เกี่ยวกับวิทยาศาสตร์ และ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศและเป็นสุขดีและสิทธิ์การใช้งานให้เขาที่นี่วันนี้พูดคุยเกี่ยวกับปรัชญาส่วนตัวของเขาเองเกี่ยวกับปัญหาสำคัญนี้ ดังนั้น ทิม สภาพภูมิอากาศคืออะไร fuss ทั้งหมดเกี่ยวกับ เราควรดูแลทำไมผู้คนจำนวนมากจะทำให้ยุ่งยากเกี่ยวกับการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศเนื่องจากเป็นปัญหาสำคัญจริง ๆส่งผลกระทบต่อสุขภาพของดาวเคราะห์ของเราจะมีผลกับพันธุ์ที่สามารถควบคุมการสูญพันธุ์ โดยสภาพภูมิอากาศเปลี่ยนแปลงมันมีผลต่อวิธีดำเนินการทั้งระบบโลก และในที่สุด มันมีผลต่อสุขภาพของมนุษย์และผมดูแลลูก ๆ และ หลานของฉัน แม้ว่าฉันยังไม่มีใด ๆ และระบบภูมิอากาศของเราจะมีอิทธิพลใหญ่ในพวกเขา เหตุผลหนึ่ง หรืออื่น ๆและต้องให้แน่ใจว่าเป็นดีกว่าดังนั้นทิม ทำไมมีคุณทุ่มเทมากเวลาในการสื่อสารการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศให้ประชาชนดี มูลนิธินี้ ฉันมาเพื่อเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศในภายหลังน้อยกว่าคุณก็คงปลาย ' 90s เมื่อฉันเริ่มตระหนักว่าได้เกิดขึ้นกับโลกของเรา และผม ก็กระแทกลึกและจะเปลี่ยนแปลงความเข้าใจของฉันของฉันอาศัยอยู่ใน ค่อนข้างเป็นเพียงโลกนั้นทันที ทำสิ่งที่คนออกจากรถของพวกเขาทำงานในวันร้อนเพื่อจะให้แอร์บน ฉันรู้ว่า มีผลที่ได้จะไม่ดีดังนั้น จึงเปลี่ยนกรอบจริยธรรมของฉัน วิธีผมทำงานกับโลก ตามที่ผมเข้าใจโลก และเป็นเชื่อนี้เป็นปัญหาที่สำคัญอายุของเราSo I knew I had no choice.I had to get involved.The one thing I knew I could do was communicate climate science.Couldn’t do much on the research side, perhaps, as much as many people, but at least I could communicate it.Thanks, Tim.And we'll be continuing this conversation for the next module.I'm Lesley Hughes.Welcome to Climate Change.In this first module, I want to talk about why a few degrees of extra warming can have such big, and some cases, scary impacts.Our natural world is already responding to the relatively modest warming and climatic change that we've had so far over the past century.This gives us a window on our future.Humans are the most remarkably adaptive creatures that have ever evolved.Our species is capable of changing our environment more than any other.But this very ingenuity is putting our environment and our very civilization at risk.So let’s see simply start with some facts.Our insatiable desire for energy to support our civilization has had some really unintended consequences.We have found that one of the best ways of producing energy is to use the fossilized bodies of plants and animals laid down in the Earth’s crust as carbon.In using this energy source, we have been redistributing this carbon from the Earth’s crust into the atmosphere, and this is having big impacts.These consequences mean that not only is the world warming up, but our rainfall patterns are changing.Up, but our rainfall patterns are changing.Along with this, there are physical changes to the Earth’s surface.Glaciers and polar ice caps are melting faster than ever before.Sea levels are rising, and the very chemistry of the ocean is changing.So where to now?How fast will these changes occur in the future?And do they really matter?To even begin to start answering these questions, we need to make some very important assumptions.How fast will our population grow in the future?How many of our resources will we consume, and at what eate?How will we produce our energy?All of these thing affect how much greenhouse gas we put into the atmosphere, and therefore, affect our climate.So let’s begin by looking at two very different potential pictures of our future.If we continue to use fossil fuels as our main energy source, and the rate at which we emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere stays on the same path as it has over the past decade or so, and the world’s population continues to grow, then carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere by 2050 are predicted to be about double what they were before the Industrial Revolution.That is, about 560 parts per million.And if we carry on the same for even longer, by the end of the century the concentration of CO2 will have about tripled.This is often called a busuness as usual scenario.You CO2 does get to double what it was in preindustrial times, global average temperatures could be between about 2 and 4 and 102 degrees above that time.Have a look at this graph.It very starkly illustrates these two different potential futures.The little wiggly black line on the left-hand side is the temperature that we’ve had so far.The big blue band is the temperatures that we could have under a scenario where we limit our greenhouse gas emissions very sharply. The big red band is the business as usual scenario.And as you can see, it gives us a rather frightening picture of temperatures in the future.If this business as usual scenario is sustained, for example, it’s been predicted that the Greenland ice sheet could melt completely, leading eventually to sea level rises of more than seven metres.To put this really into perspective, 1 and ½ degrees increase would give us a warmer world than at any time that humans have been on the planet.If we got to 4 and ½ degrees, it would be the warmest planet than we’ve had for millions and millions of years.Well, that’s the gloomy prospect. But the good news is that if we can start to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions straight sway and pretty sharply, the temperatures in the second half of this century will be considerably less than those business as usual predictions.It’s important to realize though at this stage, that there’s a lot of momentum in the climate system.If we were to, by some miracle stop emitting all greenhouse gases today and forever more, we would probably still get about a degree of warming by about 2030 because of all the greenhouse gases in the system that we’ve already put there.The moral of this story is, the sooner we start, the better.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
