(early embryo culture), and CDM-2 (later stage culture)
[10]. F-CDM medium was supplemented with 10mg/mL
heparin, 25 mg/mL gentamycin sulfate, and 20 mg/mL amikacin
for bothX-sorted and nonsorted sperm. TomaintainpH
in air during brief embryo handling for vortexing and
checking cleavage, lowbicarbonate (5mM) versions of CDM-
1 and -2 media were used [10]. The CDM-2 culture medium
contained 0.25 mM phenazine ethosulfate to decrease lipid
content of embryos [10]. Syngro medium, straws, plugs, and
six-well manipulation plates were obtained from Bioniche
(Pullman,WA, USA).