4. Conclusions
(1) The average grain sizes of the as-cast specimens decrease
obviously with increasing Ti content in that the number of (Ti,
Nb)(C,N) precipitates with sizes of 2.0–4.0mm increase significantly, suggesting that the (Ti,Nb)(C,N) precipitates in this
size range play a major role in heterogeneous nucleation in the
UNS S44100 ferritic stainless steel produced by investment
casting.