A comparative study on the nutritional status of primiparous and multiparous women in the first trimester ofpregnancy was conducted in the northeastern province of Thailand, Khon Kaen, to investigate differences inprotein-energy-malnutrition, iron deficiency anaemia, vitamin A deficiency and carotenoid status between bothparity groups. 94 subjects were recruited at first attendance of antenatal clinic. Data about weight, height,haemoglobin and haematocrit were obtained from hospital records. Anthropometric measurements of midupperarm circumference and triceps skinfold were done on a sub sample. Retinol, carotenoids andα-tocopherol were analysed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. Ferritin,transthyretin and retinol-binding protein were determined by enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay. Primiparouswomen showed lower body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, corrected arm muscle area(P <0.001) as well as lower retinol, cholesterol and triceps skinfold (P <0.05). After adjusting for age andsocio-economical status the significant difference persisted for all parameters but triceps skinfold. Nosignificant differences of α-tocopherol, serum proteins, carotenoids and iron indices could be observed, eventhough a tendency to higher values for ferritin, haemoglobin and haematocrit was shown in multiparouswomen. Prevalence of protein-energy-malnutrition (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2) in the primiparous groupwas significantly higher compared to the multiparous group (P<0.05). Prevalence of protein-energymalnutrition,iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency were 15.1%, 6.3 % and 3.3%, respectively, inthe total study population. No differences between parity groups could be observed for prevalence of irondeficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency.
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