Present study proved that processing of waste wheat–rye bread to ethanol in the SSF conditions at very high solids loading resulted in very high product yield (411–425 g kg1 dry matter, 92–95%) which was significantly higher in comparison to earlier SHF studies. Moreover modification of the enzymatic liquefaction conditions based on the thermal properties of starch gelatinization resulted in further improvement of the ethanol yield, and the best results were obtained when waste bread was liquefied at the final temperature of gelatinization. This could be applied in industrial conditions with major savings of the energy used for starch liquefaction. References