FSC ¼ 0.185, and FIT ¼ 0.668 were observed among groups, among populations within groups, and within individuals, respectively (Table 4). Our results also showed that there was deviation from HardyeWeinberg expectations, with a highly significant heterozygote deficiency in all polymorphic loci as indicated by the significant, positive FIS value (Table 5). All genetic groups showed a significant deficiency of heterozygous at Ldh, group IV at G6pd, groups II, III, and IV at Mpi, and groups I and II at 6Pgd (Table 5).
A strong correlation between genetic difference (FST) and geographic distances among local populations was observed with R2 ¼ 0.5614, p < 0.001 (Figure 3). These results suggest that