In three-schema architecture, each user group refers only to its own external view. Whenever a user specifies a request to generate a new external view, the DBMS must transform the request specified at external level into a request at conceptual level, and then into a request at physical level. If the user requests for data retrieval, the data extracted from the database must be presented according to the need of the user. This process of transforming the requests and results between various levels of DBMS architecture is known as http://...mapping.
The main advantage of three-schema architecture is that it provides data independence. http://...Data independence is the ability to change the schema at one level of the database system without having to change the schema at the other levels. Data independence is of two types, namely, logical data independence and physical data independence.