Their villages are in remote areas approximately 70 km from the city with poor road access and public transport. Many Hill tribe people do not qualify for or have failed to obtain a Thai identification card, which generally is required for free or subsidized government medical and educational services. Most of the Hill tribe people, if working, work in manual jobs with low pay. Therefore, the Hill tribe people in northern Thailand still have limited opportunity to earn money, receive health information,
and access to affordable healthcare. These populations are vulnerable to infectious diseases, such as HIV and tuberculosis (TB).