the number of caesarean sections was significantly higher in the carbohydrate
group (RR 2.9 [95% CI 1.29 to 6.54]). There were no significant differences in Apgar scores
at 1 minute (P = 0.17), Apgar scores at 5 minutes (P = 0.18) or the arterial umbilical cord pH
(P = 0.07) between the carbohydrate and placebo groups.